<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/items/browse?output=omeka-xml&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CTitle" accessDate="2026-04-04T00:34:15-07:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>37</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="17" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="35">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/624022ed22741bea82c6bd75a6fb8d2e.jpg</src>
        <authentication>d822f0c9c2aebb8a80c33ab671cb0393</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="99">
                <text>“Camp Dodge Officers Training Camp,” c. 1917 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="100">
                <text>Attached to the 92nd Infantry Division – known as the “Buffalo Division” –, the 366th Infantry Regiment mustered at Camp Dodge in Iowa. During the war, the 366th saw action in some of the bloodiest battles on the Western Front. Lieutenant C.L. Abbot, Captain Joseph L. Lowe, Lieutenant Aaron R. Fisher, and Captain E. White were some of the most decorated American officers in WWI. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="101">
                <text>“Camp Dodge Officers Training Camp,” Box MSS1218. Robert Langmuir African American Photograph Collection, Stuart A. Rose Manuscript Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="19" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="37">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/421512655b31eb90c0c6089902fc8b78.jpg</src>
        <authentication>fdfc2f05c2ef7468c447a599515f01be</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="105">
                <text>“In Flanders Field,” c. 1919 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="106">
                <text>In 1919, William Melvin Kelley publishes Andrea Razafkeriefo’s adaptation of John McCrea poem “In Flanders Fields” to reflect the service of the African American regiments that served in France.  This broadside was illustrated by Albert Alex Smith. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="107">
                <text>William Melvin Kelley Collection </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="32" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="51">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/60c8964a7446a52ddb7345b6c911667a.jpg</src>
        <authentication>c739629ab972370ca70f334627dfcb81</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="149">
                <text>5th provisional company officers reserve, training camp ft des moines iowa, 1917.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="150">
                <text>Richards, William Henry, Collector. 5th Provisional Company officers reserve training Camp Ft. Des Moines Ia. Fort Des Moines Iowa, 1917. Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, &amp;lt;&lt;a href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2016652396/"&gt;https://www.loc.gov/item/2016652396/&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="38" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="76">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/d1f87fc0b469022a3d24ed770401d30b.jpg</src>
        <authentication>8f765ffa7a304605382fdb3eacc79a4b</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="162">
                <text>A Problem in Repair Work.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="163">
                <text>Atlanta University. A Problem in Repair Work. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="164">
                <text>"Atlanta University. A Problem in Repair Work." Photograph. Retrieved from the National Archives and Records Administration, &amp;lt;&lt;a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/26425188"&gt;https://catalog.archives.gov/id/26425188&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="18" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="36">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/a841b4cd69c9a198a2f6a32ff6b1e2ce.jpg</src>
        <authentication>9caa3516b2819acb78d47365c86eba89</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="102">
                <text>African American Combat Soldiers in France, c. 1918-1919  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="103">
                <text>Of the nearly four hundred thousand African American soldiers serving during the First World War, only 40,000 saw combat. A majority served in the Services of Supply (SOS) regiments unloading ships, repairing battlefields, and building roads. These men represent the invisible labor responsible for the Allied victory. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="104">
                <text>"African American Combat Soldiers in France, c. 1918-1919," Box MSS1218. Robert Langmuir African American Photograph Collection, Stuart A. Rose Manuscript Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="13" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="32">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/3b8119499ec5be4b381e303b46c7c33a.jpg</src>
        <authentication>d8e04243e40e32ea85773f74e3dbe0a2</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="87">
                <text>African American Soldier, c. 1917-1919</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="88">
                <text>Most Americans know little of the global significance of World War I (1914-1919) and the sacrifices made by millions to ensure the victory of the Allied forces over Germany. Rarer still is a basic understanding of the critical role of African Americans in the war to make the “world safe for democracy.”&#13;
&#13;
World War I was a catalyst in the development of a radically progressive black consciousness, one that would ultimately lead to the mid-century civil rights and black power movements. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="89">
                <text>"African American Soldier," Box MSS1218. Robert Langmuir African American Photograph Collection, Stuart A. Rose Manuscript Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="16" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="34">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/d50d5ed5c1da011b49f705829fb5939c.jpg</src>
        <authentication>c4cf1567839fa77af4f206a60524df0c</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="96">
                <text>African American Soldiers Stationed at Fort Huachuca Arizona, c. 1915-1917 </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="97">
                <text>On April 6, 1917, the United States declared war on Germany. Under the banner of making the world “safe for democracy,” President Woodrow Wilson pledged America’s resources to “bring peace and safety to all the nations and make the world itself at last free.” For many African Americans, Wilson’s words were empty, offensive, and downright criminal. How could the President of the United States promote democracy abroad while still firmly clinging to Jim Crow segregation at home?&#13;
&#13;
African American intellectuals such as Hubert Harrison, A. Philip Randolph, and Chandler Owen publicly opposed Wilson and the participation of African Americans in a war. Yet, there were those who believed that service on behalf of the nation, especially in its time of need, would benefit African Americans and their ongoing quest to achieve full-citizenship rights and privileges. &#13;
&#13;
African American intellectuals such as Hubert Harrison, A. Philip Randolph, and Chandler Owen publicly opposed Wilson and the participation of African Americans in a war. Yet, there were those who believed that service on behalf of the nation, especially in its time of need, would benefit African Americans and their ongoing quest to achieve full-citizenship rights and privileges.  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="98">
                <text>"African American Soldiers Stationed at Fort Huachuca Arizona," Box MSS1218. Robert Langmuir African American Photograph Collection, Stuart A. Rose Manuscript Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="7">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/0740b0889bea3407bf71d7e9d19f525c.jpeg</src>
        <authentication>d6ba205d162b1f8ac58ecacdb1999e75</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <collection collectionId="2">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="8">
                  <text>WWI Individuals </text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="12">
      <name>Person</name>
      <description>An individual.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="45">
              <text>1893</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="33">
          <name>Death Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="46">
              <text>1964</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="52">
          <name>Military Service Details</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="47">
              <text>Company B 514 Engineer Service Battalion, organized in February 1918 at Camp Gordon, GA; demobilized in June 1919. Served as Private.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="34">
          <name>Occupation</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="48">
              <text>Grocer\Butcher</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="53">
          <name>Education</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="49">
              <text>Graduated from Morris Brown College in Atlanta in 1934</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="54">
          <name>Spouse</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="50">
              <text>Lavata Shaw</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>GPS</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="118">
              <text>33.7484454,-84.3707101</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44">
                <text>Allen Page Lightner </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="28" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="47">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/076fae78bcbb8bbfefbcb2d5623712ce.jpg</src>
        <authentication>096fc1a595bef641da769aa9a39e385d</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="141">
                <text>American Stevedore Regiment. "The Advance Guards of Democracy" Lined Up For Mess "Somewhere in France."</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="142">
                <text>&lt;em&gt;A pictorial history of the Negro in the great World War, 1917-1918. &lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;a href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/emu.010002632340"&gt;https://hdl.handle.net/2027/emu.010002632340&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;gt;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="22" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="40">
        <src>https://oaklandcemeteryhistory.org/files/original/4d0bbebeb4eba9d83bb80acfe45ccfe5.jpg</src>
        <authentication>ffb78fc999678f27f30c1322bb9a41f4</authentication>
      </file>
    </fileContainer>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="123">
                <text>Atlanta University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="124">
                <text>Training detachment No. 2 in front of Stone Hall, Atlanta University, c. 1918.  </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="125">
                <text>“Atlanta University. Training detachment No. 2 in front of Stone Hall.” Photograph. Retrieved from the National Archives and Records Administration, &amp;lt;&lt;a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/26425154"&gt;https://catalog.archives.gov/id/26425154&lt;/a&gt;&amp;gt;.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
